git-quiz

Git Assessment

Q1. How can you check your current git version?

git --v
git --version
git --option
git --current

Q2. What command lets you create a connection between a local and remote repository?

git remote add new
git remote add origin
git remote new origin
git remote origin

Q3. Describe what the following git commands do to the commit history.

git reset --hard HEAD~5
git merge --squash HEAD@{1}

Reset the HEAD to the 5th commit in the repo, then merges to the master branch
Reset the commit branch back before the last 5 commits, then squashes them into a single commit
Delete the last 5 commits
Merges the last 5 commits into a new branch

Explanation

git reset --hard HEAD~5
(Reset the current branch to the commit just before the last 5)

git merge --squash HEAD@{1}
(HEAD@{1} is where the branch was just before the previous command. This command sets the state of the index to be as it would just after a merge from that commit)

Q4. Your current project has several branches; master, beta, and push-notifications. You've just finished the notification feature in the push-notification branch, and you want to commit it to beta branch. How can you accomplish this?

Checkout the push-notifications branch and run git merge beta
Checkout the master branch and run git merge beta -> push-notification
Delete the push-notification branch and it will be committed to the master branch automatically
Checkout the beta branch and run git merge push-notification

Q5. Which of the following is true you when you use the following command?

git add -A

All new and updated files are staged
Files are staged in alphabetical order.
All new files are staged
Only updated files are staged

Q6. What will the following command print to the Terminal?

git remote -v

A list of remote repositories you are connected to
The current git version you're running
An inline editor for modifying remote repositories
The last 5 git versions you've installed

Q7. Looking at the following commands, describe what is happening.

git checkout feature-user-location
git cherry-pick {kj2342134sdf090093f0sdgasdf99sdfo992mmmf9921231}

The commit is being tagged for release on the feature-user-location branch
A commit is being copied from its original branch over to the feature-user-location branch
The commit is being cherry picked as the new HEAD of the commit history
A commit is being copied from the feature-user-location branch to the master branch

Q8. What does the following command do to the git repository?

git reset --soft HEAD^

Delete all previous commits and reset the repository history back to its initial state.
Resets the working branch to the first commit.
Keeps the HEAD at the current commit, but clears all previous commits.
Undoes the last commit in the working branch and sets the HEAD back one commit.

Q9. You find a bug in your project, but can't locate where it was introduced in the commit history. How would you diagnose this problem?

Manually backtrack through your commit history.
Use git search -diff to compare all commits in your repository history.
Run a git rebase to find the buggy commit.
Use git bisect to compare the buggy commit to an early commit that works as expected.

Q10. Why would the following command be used?

git rebase -i HEAD~10

To run a comparative search of the last 10 commits for differences
To list the last 10 commits and modify them with either the squash or fixup command
To delete the last 10 commits and reset the HEAD
In order to locally cache the last 10 commits

Q11. Why would you use a pre-receive hook in your remote repository?

You wouldn't, you would use it in the local repository
To execute a script when a remote receives a push that is triggered before any refs are updated
To fire a script after updates are made to the remote repository
To debug all commit tags and release versions

Q12. What option can you use to apply git configurations across your entire git environment?

--all
--master
--global
--update

Q13. How could you squash multiple commits together without using git merge --squash?

Caching
You can't. git merge --squash is the only git command for that operation.
Rebasing
Reflogging

Q14. If you cloned an existing git repository, what would happen?

A new copy would overwrite the central repository
A copy of the repository would be created on your local machine
Nothing, cloning is not a supported git function
A copy of the repository would be created on the hosting platform

Q15. Suppose you needed to see a list of all files that had been modified or added to a specific commit over the course of a project. How would you accomplish this?

Find the commit in the remote repository, as that's the only place that kind of information is stored.
Use the diff-tree command with the commit hash.
Run git commit --info with the commit hash.
Access the commit stash data with git stash.

Q16. What files is the following .gitignore programmed to leave out?

# .swift

build/

*.txt
*.metadata

All files with a .swift, .txt, or metadata file extension, as well as the entire build directory
Only the build directory
All files in the build directory, as well as files ending with .txt or .metadata
Only files with .swift and .txt extensions.

Explanation

A line starting with # serves as a comment. Hence # .swift does not do anything.

Q17. After you make changes to a tracked file, you run the following command. What will this do?

git commit -a -m "Refactor code base"

Nothing, you can't use multiple options in the same command
Adds all new files to the staging area
Commits all new files with a message
Adds all modified files to the staging area, then commits them with a message

Q18. After checking your git status you get the following output, which shows the file beta-notes.js in the commit but also unstaged. How can this situation occur?

Change to be committed:

(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
modified: beta-notes.js
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout --<file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

modified: beta-notes.js

There were two copies of beta-notes.js but one was deleted
beta-notes.js was staged, then modified afterwards, creating two different versions of the file
Two copies of beta-notes.js were created, but only one is being tracked
There are two tracked copies of beta-notes.js, but one was removed from the commit

Q19. Where are files stored before they are committed to the local repository?

Saved files
git documents
Staging area
git cache

Q20. What commands would you use to force an overwrite of your local files with the master branch?

Option 1:

git pull --all
git reset --hard origin/master

Option 2:

git pull -u origin master
git reset --hard master

Option 3:

git pull origin master
git reset --hard origin/myCurrentBranch

Option 4:

git fetch --all
git reset --hard origin/master

Q21. Which statement is true when you use the git add -A command?

Only new files in the working directory are staged to the index.
All new and updated files from the working directory are staged to the index.
All files in the working directory are staged to the index in alphabetical order.
Only updated files in the working directory are staged to the index.

Q22. Describe what is happening given these commands:

git checkout feature-user-location
git cherry-pick {123safd23e}

The commit is being tagged for release on the feature-user-location branch.
A commit is being copied from the feature-user-location branch to the master branch.
The commit is being cherry-picked as new HEAD of the commit history.
The branch is switched to the feature-user-location branch, and the specified commit is applied to the branch.

Q23. You find that your project has a tag and branch both named push-notifications, which causes confusion when trying to print out given reference. How can you specify which branch you want to look at?

use git show refs/push-notifications
use git show push-notifications
use git show head/refs/push-notifications
use git show refs/head/push-notifications

Explanation

Reference

Q24. Your team lead needs a list of all commits that will be moved before you perform a rebase. Which command can you use to access that information?

git rebase -log
git rebase -i
git rebase -verbose
git rebase -all

Q25. What is the operation doing given the Git commands below?

git bisect start
git bisect bad 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592
git bisect good 69faab6268350295550de7d587bc323d

It runs a merge of a good commit that is discovered using a known bad commit and known good commit
It marks a commit for deletion using a known bad commit and known good commit to determine which commit introduced a bug
It defines a bad commit and resets the HEAD using a known bad commit and known good commit
It performs a binary search using a known bad commit and known good commit to determine which commit introduced a bug

Q26. In a situation where you have several commits for a single task, what is the most efficient way to restructure your commit history?

Cherry pick the related commits to another branch.
Delete the task commits and recommit with a new message.
Squash the related commits together into a single coherent commit.
Stash the related commits under a new hash.

Q27. Which of the following is true of the git push command?

By default a push doesn't send tags to the remote repository.
Commits can only be tagged when they are created.
Tags are pushed to the remote repository with their respective commits.
Only annotated tags are automatically pushed to the remote repository with a commit.

Explanation

Reference

Q28. After pushing commits to the remote repository for the first time using the command below, what shorthand command can you use in future?

git push -u origin master

git push master
git push origin
Same as before, git push -u origin master
git push

Q29. How would you create a custom shortcut or command across your git environment?

Run git hotfix with the shortcut name.
Assign a shortcut or command using git options file.
Use the git custom-key command.
Create an alias in the git config file.

Q30. What is the status of the beta-notes.js file in the following output?

Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

modified: beta-notes.js

beta-notes.js is untracked and has been modified.
beta-notes.js is a tracked file and has been modified, but has not been added to the current commit.
beta-notes.js is untracked but has been added to the current commit.
beta-notes.js is tracked, and the modified file has been added to the current commit.

Q31. What command would let you modify your previous commit?

--fix
--quickfix
--modify
--amend

Q32. What is the best way to characterize the git commit structure?

Data array
Data log
Data snapshot
Data dictionary

Q33. What change will the following command make to the staging area files?

git rm --cached testfile.js

testfile.js will be removed from the staging area and its changes no longer tracked.
testfile.js will be removed from the staging area but its changes will still be tracked.
A copy of testfile.js will be cached on your desktop.
The current copy of testfile.js will be saved in the staging area.

Q34. After you've successfully merged two branches and committed the changes, what is the next step in keeping your git structure organized?

Use the git reset --soft HEAD to roll back one commit.
Run git branch -d <branch name> to delete the merged branch.
Use git clear-all to clean up any hanging files.
Run git rebase to move the current commit to its original location.

Q35. You're in the middle of modifying a file when you're unexpectedly assigned an urgent bug fix on another branch. What would you do to temporarily save the work your doing locally without committing?

You cannot save locally without committing, so that is not possible.
Run git hold to save a local copy of what you're doing to return to later.
Save your work with git local-cache.
Use git stash to save your work and come back later and reapply the stashed commit.

Q36. What command would you use to create a new git repository?

git add
git start
git new
git init

Q37. While working on a feature branch you try to use "git rerere" to solve a recurring merge conflict but nothing is happening. What could be causing this issue?

The "-all" option isn't added to the command.
"rerere.enabled" isn't enable in the config file.
The commit hash is missing.
The filepath isn't specified.

Q38. While modifying a file, you're unexpectedly assigned an urgent bug fix on another branch. How can you temporarily save your local work without committing?

Save your work with git local-cache.
Use git stash to save your work, then come back later and reapply the stashed commit.
Run git hold to save a local copy of what you're doing to return to later.
This is not possible, as you cannot save locally without committing.

Q39. Your current repository has three branches: master, beta and push-notifications. You've just finished the notification feature and commit the changes to the push-notifications branch, and you want to include them in the beta branch. How can you accomplish this?

Check out the master branch and run git merge beta -> push-notifications.
Delete the push-notifications branch; it will be committed to the master branch automatically.
Check out the push-notifications branch and run git merge beta.
Check out the beta branch and run git merge push-notifications.

Q40. Which statement is true of the git push command?.

Commits can be tagged only when they are created.
By default a push doesn't send tags to the remote repository.
Only annotated tags are automatically pushed to the remote repository with a commit.
Tags are pushed to the remote repository with their respective commits.

core.page
page
pager
core.pager

Q42. What does commit object contain?

A set of files, representing the state of a project at a given point of time.
Reference to parent commit objects.
An SHA1 name, a 40-character string that uniquely identifies the commit object.

Q43. Which option to git commit, will modify last commit message?

-replace
-change
-amend
-update

Q44. Which option enables inclusion of committer name in custom log format?

Q45. How many ways are present in Git to integrate changes from one branch into another?

Explanation

In Git, there are two main ways to integrate changes from one branch into another: the merge and the rebase. Reference

Q46. Which user should be created first during setting up of SSH?

git
admin
root
None of these

git tag 'v1.4.2'
git tag -I 'v1.4.2.*'
git tag-list 'v1.4.2*'
git tag 'v1.4.2*'

Q48. Which of the following is an integration manager?

lieutenants
benevolent dictator
Depends upon project type
Depends upon data

Q49. Which Git command begins tracking of a new file?

add
addfile
begin
track

Q50. Which of the following is called dumb protocol?

All of these
SSH
Git
HTTP

Q51. Which key press returns a set of suggestions to pick from, when writing a Git command?

Control
Shift
Tab
Alt

Q52. Which of these terms best describes Git?

Distributed Version Control System
Issue Tracking System
Integrated Development Environment
Web-Based Repository Hosting Service

Q53. Which command gets a copy of an existing Git repository?

duplicate
replicate
copy
clone

Q54. How does Git think of its data?

File
None of these
Snapshot
Folder

Q55. Which option enables inclusion of author name in custom log format?

Q56. Which version onwards did Git offer reversing a file back to what it looked like when last committed?

Q57. Which strategy is used by Git for merging two branches?

LIFO
recursive
FIFO
octopus

Q58. What does refs store?

SHA-1 value
None of these
Branch name
Project name

Q59. What Language is used in GIT?

C
C++
C#
Java

Q60. What is usually the extension of file which has the public key?

Q61. What is the difference between initializing a normal repo and a bare repo?

Bare repos store their git history in a .git subfolder.
Bare repos do not have the .git extension.
Bare repos do not come with working or checked-out source files.
Bare repos should be used for local rather than remote repos.

Q62. How many individual commits can a single repository have?

any number of commits
only one commit local per repository
only three commits per branch
only one commit per HEAD

Q63. What types of tags does Git support?

heavy and concise
lightweight and immutable
heavy and annotated
lightweight and annotated

Q64. After staging a series of changes to the index, which command could you use to review them prior to a commit?

git diff --cached
git diff
git diff --HEAD
git status -v -v

Q65. What does the git stash drop command do?

removes the most recent stash entry
deletes the stash
lists everything in the stash
throws away the oldest entry

Q66. What command creates a new branch from the currently checked-out branch?

git -b checkout <nameOfBranch>
git branch
git checkout <nameOfBranch>
git checkout -b <nameOfBranch>

Q67. After mistakenly staging a file named myFile to the index, how would you remove it from the index to exclude it from your next commit?

Use git reset HEAD^.
Use git reset myFile.txt.
Use git -rm myFile.txt.
Use git reset.

Q68. What happens if you run this command from your master branch?

git checkout -b beta-test

The beta-test branch will be checked out of the current commit.
The beta-test branch will be checked out and deleted.
A new branch called beta-test will be created and switched to.
The beta-test branch will be merged with the master branch.

Q69. How does Git internally manage branches?

by creating a pointer to the most recent snapshot/commit for the branch.
by creating a data array of branches in the same repository.
by creating a data dictionary of code changes.
be creating a debug log that stores repository changes.

Q70. You want to perform a git reset but cannot recall all of the available options. What command would you use to see a description of them?

git help reset
git -h reset
git options reset
git reset help

Q71. What is a remote repository?

a version of the repository that mirrors changes made in the local repository's master branch for open-source collaboration efforts
the lead repository elected by the Git arbitrator found within local repositories of collaborating team members
a read-only version of the repository stored on a backup server in case local repositories become lost or corrupted
a version of the repository hosted on the internet or network that is pushed to or pulled from by collaborators

Q72. After modifying some existing files in a repository, you decide to discard the changes. What command can you use?

git restore
git undo
git clean
git checkout

Q73. After starting to merge a feature branch into your master branch, you encounter a merge conflict and decide you do not want to perform the merge. How can you stop the merge and restore to the pre-merge state?

Use git restore -p.
Use git merge -u.
Use git merge --abort.
Use git merge --undo.

Q74. If you have several commits for a single feature, what is the most efficient way to restructure your commit history?

Use git stash to consolidate the commits under a new hash.
Use git squash to consolidate the commits together into a single coherent commit.
Delete the task commits and recommit with a new message.
Use git cherry-pick to place the commits in another branch.

Q75. Which command correctly creates a lightweight tag?

git tag v3.8.1
git tag --light "v3.8.1"
git tag v3.8.1 —-annotate -m "<tagMessage>"
git tag -l v3.8.1

Q76. What is the main issue with using git rebase when working with multiple developers?

Rebase affects only your repository and creates a diff in the master branch.
Rebase creates a temporary copy of the master branch in the remote repo.
Rebase moves the HEAD of the remote master branch one commit forward.
Rebase deletes all commit history for the new feature branch.

Q77. What Git workflow is used by teams that collaborate on a single branch and avoid creating long-lived development branches?

Git flow
Mainline flow
Trunk-Based Development
GitHub flow

Q78. Which option on the git log command allows you to limit output to commits made after certain data?

--since
--sinceWhen
-<n>
--afterDate

Q79. How would you delete unreachable objects older than a specified time from your project database?

git cache --obsolete <time>
git branch --rebase <time>
git delete --inert <time>
git prune --expire <time>

Q80. What conflicts can occur when forcing a push after rebasing?

The remote master branch could have existing changes overwritten.
The origin URL will be reset to its default value.
The current HEAD will be deleted and can't be reinstated.
Nothing, it's common practice to force a push after rebasing.

Q81. How does this command alter the currently checked-out branch?

git reset --soft HEAD^

It resets the working branch to the first commit.
It sets HEAD to previous commit and leaves changes from the undone commit in the stage/index.
It deletes all previous commits and resets the repository history back to its initial state.
It keeps the HEAD at the current commit, but clears all previous commits.

Q82. What is the difference between Git and SVN?

Git works only on Linux, while SVN works on all operating systems.
SVN works only on Linux, while Git works on all operating systems.
SVN is a centralized system, while Git is a distributed system.
Git a centralized system, while SVN is a distributed system.

Q83. Where are files stored before they are committed to the local repository ?

git
saved files
staging area/index
git documents

Q84. This command is an example of what kind of tag ?

git tag -a v1.4 -m "ABCD v1.5"

verbose
annotated
lightweight
deferred

Q85. What is the difference between a soft reset (`git reset --soft`) and a hard reset (`git reset –hard`) ?

A soft reset only changes the commit that HEAD points to, while a hard reset resets the index and working tree to match the specified commit, discarding any changes.
A soft reset caches the old HEAD pointer, while a hard reset deletes it entirely.
A hard reset changes only where the HEAD is pointing, while a soft reset changes the HEAD and index.
A hard reset caches the old HEAD pointer, while a soft reset deletes it entirely.

Q86. Consider the following Git workflow :

Which of the following options is correct ?

1. Develop 2. Release 3. Hotfix 4. Feature 5. Master
1. Master 2. Release 3. Hotfix 4. Feature 5. Develop
1. Develop 2. Master 3. Hotfix 4. Feature 5. Develop
1. Master 2. Hotfix 3. Develop 4. Feature 5. Release

Q87. What information does the git config file store?

shell scripts and flags
keychain and account information
local and global repository options
pre-compile scripts and settings

Explanation

Reference

Git Assessment

Q1. How can you check your current git version?

Q2. What command lets you create a connection between a local and remote repository?

Q3. Describe what the following git commands do to the commit history.

Q4. Your current project has several branches; master, beta, and push-notifications. You've just finished the notification feature in the push-notification branch, and you want to commit it to beta branch. How can you accomplish this?

Q5. Which of the following is true you when you use the following command?

Q6. What will the following command print to the Terminal?

Q7. Looking at the following commands, describe what is happening.

Q8. What does the following command do to the git repository?

Q9. You find a bug in your project, but can't locate where it was introduced in the commit history. How would you diagnose this problem?

Q10. Why would the following command be used?

Q11. Why would you use a pre-receive hook in your remote repository?

Q12. What option can you use to apply git configurations across your entire git environment?

Q13. How could you squash multiple commits together without using git merge --squash?

Q14. If you cloned an existing git repository, what would happen?

Q15. Suppose you needed to see a list of all files that had been modified or added to a specific commit over the course of a project. How would you accomplish this?

Q16. What files is the following .gitignore programmed to leave out?

Q17. After you make changes to a tracked file, you run the following command. What will this do?

Q18. After checking your git status you get the following output, which shows the file beta-notes.js in the commit but also unstaged. How can this situation occur?

Q19. Where are files stored before they are committed to the local repository?

Q20. What commands would you use to force an overwrite of your local files with the master branch?

Q21. Which statement is true when you use the git add -A command?

Q22. Describe what is happening given these commands:

Q23. You find that your project has a tag and branch both named push-notifications, which causes confusion when trying to print out given reference. How can you specify which branch you want to look at?

Q24. Your team lead needs a list of all commits that will be moved before you perform a rebase. Which command can you use to access that information?

Q25. What is the operation doing given the Git commands below?

Q26. In a situation where you have several commits for a single task, what is the most efficient way to restructure your commit history?

Q27. Which of the following is true of the git push command?

Q28. After pushing commits to the remote repository for the first time using the command below, what shorthand command can you use in future?

Q29. How would you create a custom shortcut or command across your git environment?

Q30. What is the status of the beta-notes.js file in the following output?

Q31. What command would let you modify your previous commit?

Q32. What is the best way to characterize the git commit structure?

Q33. What change will the following command make to the staging area files?

Q34. After you've successfully merged two branches and committed the changes, what is the next step in keeping your git structure organized?

Q35. You're in the middle of modifying a file when you're unexpectedly assigned an urgent bug fix on another branch. What would you do to temporarily save the work your doing locally without committing?

Q36. What command would you use to create a new git repository?

Q37. While working on a feature branch you try to use "git rerere" to solve a recurring merge conflict but nothing is happening. What could be causing this issue?

Q38. While modifying a file, you're unexpectedly assigned an urgent bug fix on another branch. How can you temporarily save your local work without committing?

Q39. Your current repository has three branches: master, beta and push-notifications. You've just finished the notification feature and commit the changes to the push-notifications branch, and you want to include them in the beta branch. How can you accomplish this?

Q40. Which statement is true of the git push command?.

Q41. Which setting determines what pager is used when Git pages output?

Q42. What does commit object contain?

Q43. Which option to git commit, will modify last commit message?

Q44. Which option enables inclusion of committer name in custom log format?

Q45. How many ways are present in Git to integrate changes from one branch into another?

Q46. Which user should be created first during setting up of SSH?

Q47. Which command will list tags with the 1.4.2 series?

Q48. Which of the following is an integration manager?

Q49. Which Git command begins tracking of a new file?

Q50. Which of the following is called dumb protocol?

Q51. Which key press returns a set of suggestions to pick from, when writing a Git command?

Q52. Which of these terms best describes Git?

Q53. Which command gets a copy of an existing Git repository?

Q54. How does Git think of its data?

Q55. Which option enables inclusion of author name in custom log format?

Q56. Which version onwards did Git offer reversing a file back to what it looked like when last committed?

Q57. Which strategy is used by Git for merging two branches?

Q58. What does refs store?

Q59. What Language is used in GIT?

Q60. What is usually the extension of file which has the public key?

Q61. What is the difference between initializing a normal repo and a bare repo?

Q62. How many individual commits can a single repository have?

Q63. What types of tags does Git support?

Q64. After staging a series of changes to the index, which command could you use to review them prior to a commit?

Q65. What does the git stash drop command do?

Q66. What command creates a new branch from the currently checked-out branch?

Q67. After mistakenly staging a file named myFile to the index, how would you remove it from the index to exclude it from your next commit?

Q68. What happens if you run this command from your master branch?

Q69. How does Git internally manage branches?

Q70. You want to perform a git reset but cannot recall all of the available options. What command would you use to see a description of them?

Q71. What is a remote repository?

Q72. After modifying some existing files in a repository, you decide to discard the changes. What command can you use?

Q73. After starting to merge a feature branch into your master branch, you encounter a merge conflict and decide you do not want to perform the merge. How can you stop the merge and restore to the pre-merge state?

Q74. If you have several commits for a single feature, what is the most efficient way to restructure your commit history?

Q75. Which command correctly creates a lightweight tag?

Q76. What is the main issue with using git rebase when working with multiple developers?

Q77. What Git workflow is used by teams that collaborate on a single branch and avoid creating long-lived development branches?

Q78. Which option on the git log command allows you to limit output to commits made after certain data?

Q79. How would you delete unreachable objects older than a specified time from your project database?

Q85. What is the difference between a soft reset (`git reset --soft`) and a hard reset (`git reset –hard`) ?